%
%       This is a template document
%       for typesetting articles at the 
%       Seminar on Internetworking.
%
%	You'll additionally need this file:
%       iwork.cls
%
%       Process this file by running latex
%       twice:
%       latex template; latex template;
%
%	View the .dvi file:
%       xdvi template.dvi
%
%	Or create a .ps and .pdf file:
%	dvips -o template.ps template
%	ps2pdf template.ps
%

%	
%	As you've noticed, everyting written
%	after a '%' sign on the same line is
%	treated as a comment.
%

%----------    The preamble -----------------------%

\documentclass{iwork}

\usepackage{epsfig}

\usepackage{multicol}

\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{conjecture}[theorem]{Conjecture}
\newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
\newdef{definition}[theorem]{Definition}
\newdef{remark}[theorem]{Remark}

%----------    Some field definitions ----------------------%
%
%    Don't forget to modify these
%
%           

\begin{document}

\markboth{Sam Student}{Example document for use in the 
Seminar on Internetworking, autumn 2002}

\title{Example document for use in the Seminar on Internetworking, autumn 2002}
\author{SAM STUDENT\\Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo}

%----------   The abstract     ----------------------------%

\begin{abstract} 
This \LaTeX template can be used for typesetting the seminar papers at
the Seminar of Internetworking.

The Abstract is the last thing you write, and it should be 
maximum 100 words long.

\end{abstract}

%----------   The document itself    ----------------------%



\setcounter{page}{1}

%!!!!!!       Don't forget to edit this text!    !!!!!!!!!!%

\begin{bottomstuff}
Author's contact information: student@somedomain.net\newline
If there's need for another footnote, it goes here.\newline
The bottom of the article's title page contains 
acknowledgment of support, the author(s) address(es), 
a ``permission to copy'' statement,
and a line containing a copyright symbol (\copyright) 
and a mysterious number.  This is all entered with 
a {\tt bottomstuff} environment;
there must be no blank line after the 
\verb|\begin{bottomstuff}|
command.
\end{bottomstuff}
\maketitle

%----------   To make the paper two-column:---------------%

\begin{multicols}{2}

%----------   You create sections and subsections      ---%
%----------               easily                       ---%


\section{Introduction}

In this section, you give a description on the background 
of your study.  You then give an overview of your paper.  
Last, you explain what you will cover in each chapter 
in your paper.

The introduction is about a column in a two-column 
article.

This document is based on ACM's instructions for 
producing a \LaTeX article \cite{acm:template} 
for publishing in ACM's journals.

\section{Simple things first}

In this section, we give some simple examples of \LaTeX 
mark-up.
Sec.~\ref{sec:format} shows how to emphasizes important 
points and Sec.~\ref{sec:crossref} explains how to 
include references.
Sec.~\ref{sec:math} gives examples of math formulas.
Finally, \ref{sec:list} demonstrates lists.

\subsection{Formatting the text}\label{sec:format}

{\em Emphasizing} text is easy. It is also easy to give
parameters and code examples a more
{\tt code-like appearance}.

Paragraphs are separated by an empty line in the 
\LaTeX source code.
\LaTeX puts extra space between sentences, 
which you must suppress
after a period that does not end a sentence, 
e.g.\ after this acronym.

\subsection{Cross-references}\label{sec:crossref}

Cross-references to figures (Fig.~\ref{fig:mypicture1}), tables
(Table~\ref{tab:mytable1}), other sections (Sec.~\ref{sec:format})
are easy to create.

\subsection{Mathematics}\label{sec:math}
In the mathematics mode, you can have 
subscripts such as $K_{master}$
and superscripts like $2^x$. Longer formulas may 
be put on a separate line:
\[ \emptyset \in \emptyset \; \Rightarrow \; E \neq mc^2. \]
You may also want to number the formulas 
like Eqn.~\ref{eqn:myequation1}
below.
\begin{equation}\label{eqn:myequation1}
C = E_{K_{public}}(P) = P^e. 
\end{equation}

\subsection{Make a list}\label{sec:list}

There are three types of lists; bulleted, numbered, 
and description lists.
The following subsections explain how these lists are created.

All instructions in this section are based on \cite{acm:template}.

\subsubsection{Bulleted and numbered lists}

The lists you will use the most will have either bullets 
or numbers on them. The ACM style, on which the
style used in this course is based, supports two 
different list formats;
the {\tt long} and the {\tt short} format. The 
{\tt long} format is 
specific for ACM while the {\tt short} format 
actually is the normal \LaTeX
format for creating lists.

\begin{longenum}
\item This is the first item in an numbered (that is, enumerated)
	list using the {\tt long} format. We use
	the long format, since all items extend 
	over at least two rows. An numbered
	list of the {\tt long} format is created 
	using the \verb|\begin{longenum}|
	command.
\item You can nest list, that is, include lower-level 
	lists in a list.
	The ACM style we employ can handle a nesting level 
	of 2. The nested lists
	can use either list format. Item~\ref{yippii} below 
	contains another list.
\item An item containing a list \label{yippii}

  \begin{enumerate}\itemindent 10pt  % you must specify 
				     % the indentation yourself 

   \item One short item
   \item This is a numbered list using the short format.
   \item We should not include any lists in these items 
         since the ACM style only
         supports a nesting level of 2.
   \item To create an bulleted list with the {\tt short} format,
         use \verb|\begin{itemize}| and 
	 \verb|\end{itemize}| instead.
  \end{enumerate}.

\item 	A bulleted list of the long format is created very much
      	in the same way as this list; you simply exchange 
	\verb|\begin{longenum}| and  \verb|\end{longenum}| 
	to \verb|\begin{longitem}| and \verb|\begin{longenum}|,
	respectively.
\end{longenum}

\subsubsection{Description lists}

Description lists are also easy to make. As with bulleted 
and numbered lists,
there are a {\tt short} and a {\tt long} format for 
the description lists.
The normal \LaTeX command \verb|\begin{description}| 
produces a list using
the {\tt long} format, while the \verb|\begin{describe}| 
command is ACM
specific and produces a list using 
the {\tt short} format.

This is an example of a list using the {\tt long} format:

\begin{description}

 \item[The label]
	This is the description of whatever word or phrase 
	you used as a label.
 \item[Another label]
	This is another description.

\end{description}

This is an ugly example of a list using the {\tt short} 
format with labels formatted in various ways:

\begin{describe}{{\tt A long label\/}:}
\item[{\tt A label\/}:]
Some description.

Note, that you include formatting information in the label.
\item[Label {\hfill -}]
In this label, we put a ``-'' at the right side 
of the label space.
\item[{\tt A long label\/}:]
This item has the longest label in this list. We 
need to provide this
label as an argument when creating the list, so 
that \LaTeX can calculate
how much space has to be reserved for the labels.
\end{describe}

\subsection{Adding references}\label{sec:references}

Do not forget to give pointers to the literature
\cite{kop_and_daly:latexbook}. 
You can also include several references in one 
notation, e.g.\ \cite{6:3:380,acm:template}. You just have
to remeber not to leave any empty space between the 
reference keys.

\subsection{The Bibliography}\label{sec:bib}

If you use \LaTeX frequently, you should concider collecting
all your references in a BibTeX-database. On this course,
we list all sources in the document itself. \LaTeX will
number the sources automatically, but you have to
take care of sorting your references yourself.
The sources should be listed in alphabetical order a
according to the last name of the first authors.

You are also resposible for including 
sufficient information on each refererence, and listing
the information in the right order. See
\cite{tml:refer} for details on what information 
your bibliography should contain.

In your bibliography, you give each source a nick name. 
In the text, you refer to each source
using that nick name e.g\ \verb|\cite{nickname}|. 


\section{More complex stuff}

In this section, we start by inspecting how to include
pictures and tables in the article. We then move on to
how footnotes and constant strings can be included in the
page footer and header, respectively. Finally, we help
the reader find instructions for doing even more complex
text processing.


\subsection{Embedded pictures}\label{sec:pictures}

Fig.~\ref{fig:mypicture1} is an embedded EPS picture. 
Other types of
pictures must be converted to EPS (embedded Postscript). 
Several UNIX tools can create EPS-pictures; e.g.\ try
{\tt xv} and {\tt convert}.
\LaTeX will typically
place the picture wherever it sees suitable, so 
do not worry if your picture
does not appear exactly where you placed it.

Give your pictures unique names, e.g.\ by prefixing
them with your own initials.

\begin{figure*}[t]  % you have to include the *, 
		    % otherwise you'll have problems
                    % with the two-column environment
 \centering
    \epsfig{file=mypicture1.eps}
    \caption{An embedded EPS picture}
    \label{fig:mypicture1}
\end{figure*}

\subsection{Data served on a table}

Table~\ref{tab:mytable1} presents some data in tabular form. 
You can influence the position of the table by giving a 
letter after the \verb|begin{table*}|-command. The
two most relevant when writing this paper are {\tt t}
and {\tt b}.
{\tt t} positions the table at the top of the page, while
{\tt b} places it at the bottom of a page.

This is the format used when including tables in this course.
It differs from the format enforced by ACM.

\begin{table*}[t]   % you have to include the *, 
		    % otherwise you'll have problems
                    % with the two-column environment
\centering
    \begin{tabular}{|l|lr|}
    \hline
    Protocol & Year &  RFC \\
    \hline
    TCP      & 1981 &  793 \\
    ISAKMP   & 1998 & 2408 \\
    Photuris & 1999 & 2522 \\
    \hline
    \end{tabular}
    \caption{A table with some protocols}
    \label{tab:mytable1}
\end{table*}

\subsection{Footnotes}

You can use footnotes:\footnote{This 
is an example of a footnote. I can e.g.\ include 
cross references as explained in 
Section~\ref{sec:crossref}.}
\cite{acm:template}
to include information that does not belong in the
text itself but is relevant to the context.

\subsection{The Page Header}

This section explains how the page header is created. 
All instructions are 
based on \cite{acm:template}.

The page header is generated by including the command
\verb|\markboth{}{}| in the document.

The  first argument is the author's name, and it 
will be placed on all left-side pages.

The second argument is the title. 
If the title is too long, compress it by 
leaving out less important phrases
or words, do not include abbreviated words 
(for instance do not write 
``abbr.'' instead of ``abbreviated'').

\subsection{Any more complex item}

The ACM style uses several environments, 
depending on whether you want to
include a theorem, a proof, a corollary, or 
some other similar special 
paragraph. It also describes how to include 
program code in your paper.

If you need to insert text of some type not 
described in this document,
refer to \cite{acm:template} for more information.


\section{Conclusions}

This section is the most important section in 
your paper, along with
the {\em Abstract} and the {\em Introduction}. 
Here you present your findings, 
explain what makes your paper important, and
speculate the maturity and importance of whatever 
you have been researching.


Depending on the type of your paper, you can name 
this section {\em Summary} instead.

\section{Future Work}

In some papers you need this section, in others you don't.

%---------------    Appendices   ---------------------------%
%--------      (Not necessarily needed)    ----------------%

\appendix
\section*{APPENDIX}
\setcounter{section}{0}

\section{Some Appendix}

You can include appendices in your paper.

\subsection{A subsection}

Some text.

\subsection{Another subsection}

More text.

\section{Another Appendix}

Most writers will not include one, let alone two 
appendices in their seminar papers, but this 
is how it is done.

%------------- Acknowledgements ----------------------%
%-----    (Not necessarily needed)    ----------------%


\begin{acks}
We wish to thank the Ben Buddy for providing important 
comments on our work.

The above is an example of a simple acknowledgement. You 
can place acknowledgedments after all text, including 
the appendices, but before the bibliography.
\end{acks}

\begin{thebibliography}{9999}

%
%     Give a nickname to each source. The format
%     for listing a source is the following:
%     \bibitem{nickname} text.....	
%
%     You refer to the reference using
%     \cite{nickname}
%
%     Remember to sort the references alphabetically
%     by the last name of the first authors.
%     There are separate instructions on what information
%     to include in the bibliography.
%

% We use \\ to brake a line that is too long:
\bibitem{acm:template}
{\sc Association for Computing Machinery},
Preparing Articles for the ACM Transactions with {\LaTeX}.
Online. Updated 22 October 2001,
referred to 24 September 2002. 
URL: http://www.acm.org/pubs/submissions/latex\_style/
\\
instructionsl.ps.

% Write out the edition; e.g. Third ed., Fourth ed.
\bibitem{kop_and_daly:latexbook}
{\sc Kopka, H. and Daly, P.},
A Guide to {\LaTeX}, Third ed.
Addison-Wesley, Harlow, Essex.,1999. 600 p.

\bibitem{6:3:380}
{\sc Korach, E., Rotem, D., and Santoro, N.},
Distributed algorithms for finding centers and medians in networks,
{\em ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.\/}~{\em 6,\/}~3 (July),
  380--401.

\bibitem{tml:refer}
{\sc Telecommunications Software and Multimedia Laboratory}.
Using and referring to sources. Online. Espoo. 
Updated 24 May 2002, referred to 
24 September 2002. 
URL: http://www.tml.hut.fi/Studies/Guides/refer.html

\end{thebibliography}

\end{multicols}


%
%    Do not change these commands!
%    They are needed to calculate the amount of pages in your
%    article.
%
%
\begin{received}
\end{received}


\end{document}











