Radio transmission impairments
The impairments in radio transmission are difficult to model
dynamically because of their unpredictable nature.
1. The absorption of radio signal power
The radio signal absorption depends on air humidity, terrestial
ground, lakes, forests and buildings.
2. The effect of the ground and obstacles
Radio waves are reflected by ground, trees, buildings etc., and the
result is that the signal detected in the receiver is a sum of direct
and reflected waves which can cause an effect known as fading.
3. Co-channel interference
Even distant radio transmitters on the same frequency will disturb